… trials are needed in humans to determine the effects of general anesthesia on … anesthetic
neurotoxicity. Furthermore, we discuss the implications of these results for clinical anesthesia…

… the animal brain, which, in the human brain… animal research on drug-induced developmental
apoptosis and the subsequent clinical studies that have been conducted thus far. In humans…

… and anesthetics that were tested in animal studies have been shown to cause developmental
neurotoxicity, several animal … In summary, the currently available data in humans are not …

… of anesthetic agents on developing human neurons to determine whether or not anesthetic
agents can induce toxicity in humans… findings obtained from intact animal and in vitro primary …

… mechanisms for developmental anesthetic neurotoxicity is … toxicity and assessment of their
human relevance are … to brain developmental timelines in animals compared with humans, the …

… The underlying mechanisms of anesthesia neurotoxicity in animal models are complex and
just beginning to be understood. In addition to a direct influence on NMDAR- and GABA A R-…

… Anesthetic neurotoxicity was first discovered in animal models, with the possibility of detriment
to human … vulnerable to anesthetic neurotoxicity at different developmental time points. …

… animal studies of anesthetic neurotoxicity. Until we know if and how pediatric anesthesia affects
cognition in humans, … as to whether developmental anesthetic neurotoxicity might exist in …

… as developmental anesthetic neurotoxicity (DAN), remains unproven and incompletely
understood as limited human … development by disrupting neurogenesis in early postnatal animals. …

… brain to the neurotoxic effects of this anesthetic cocktail was … to target or model a specific
developmental stage in humans. … anesthetic-induced neurotoxicity that occurs in animals also …