… chronic subjective tinnitus, accompanied by cognitive impairments … Differential diagnosis
based on biomarkers of metabonomics … These mechanisms include glutamate excitotoxicity via …

… through their release of glutamate or neuropeptides like … smoking with remarkable ease,
without cravings or relapse (243). Since then, multiple imaging studies have shown differential …

… Filled arrows represent excitatory glutamatergic projections; … acute cocaine administration
and subjective ratings of ‘craving’ … is the exclusion of nicotine smokers from the control, but not …

… two), decreased cigarettes smoked per day, as well as positive subjective effects of smoking
as … potential utility as an intervention for SUDs via its modulation of glutamatergic pathways. …

… , inhalation (nasal and smoking) and intravenous injection. It … via GABAergic or glutamatergic
mechanisms, but definitive … effects of acute topiramate on the positive subjective effects …

… and subjective states (ie, craving and, presumably, feelings) associated with drugs. The
subjective effects … A major neurotransmitter involved in the craving stage is glutamate localized in …

… to require the differential involvement of dopaminergic GABAergic, glutamatergic, muscarinic
… of subjective internal representations that control the expression of motivated behaviors. …

… involvement of nicotinic cholinergic systems in ADHD has arisen in part from the observation
that adolescents and adults with ADHD smoke cigarettes at … systems in cognitive deficits in …

… the involvement of glutamate and N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptors ( 41 ). Even the cognitive
… differentiated in terms of the nature of their ecological roles and therefore their ultimate …

… pharmacological mechanisms of action and general clinical efficacy of glutamatergic medications
… increased the subjective effects of withdrawal from smoking as well as the rewarding …