… of their influence on the molecular–topological structure of PVDF. The current purpose is
to study the effect of soft X-ray radiation on the molecular–topological structure of PVDF. …

… chains as in polyvinyl chloride). The volume that is not filled by … Constructive interference
occurs when the X-ray beam is … molded PVDF sample; here, skin refers to the top surface …

… X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is another important technique for chemical analysis,
particularly for characterizing the surface … conduction in PVDF nanocomposites reinforced …

… significant effect on the formation of the units within the molecular … in the X- ray beam near
the collimator end and a beam-stop … It is also possible to observe the surface of a PVDF virgin …

… properties because the bonding energy of polymer molecules is … which in turn may give rise
to topological artifacts. Thus, STM is … When an X-ray beam strikes a sample surface, the core …

… An alternative possibility for observation of PVDF structures at … Interestingly, the effect of the
unbalanced surface stresses … The topology of the growing faces in such objects differs from …

… surface with respect to the incident beam (topographic … inner shells is then released as an
X-ray. The energy of these X-… with PVDF, the compatibilizer moves toward the PVDF phase …

… and X-ray photons are mainly through the photoelectric effect… of polymerization, microstructure
and topology, as well as a means … structure in the bulk and covering the PVDF surface. It is …

… their structure, morphology, biodegradability, surface topology… for reference of Zn metal and
ZnO/PVDF film. (b) normalized … angle between the incident X-ray beam and atomic planes (…

… use of modern X-ray optics to focus the X-ray beam to a spot … a banded
polycaprolactone/polyvinyl butyrate spherulites using … Polarized optical micrograph of a PVDF …