… include a progressively decreasing life span and reproductive … was 7.8, hardness (as CaCO
3 ) and alkalinity (as CaCO 3 ) … If the culture medium (eg natural river water) was explicitly …

… Alkalinity and hardness were measured with Hach titration … laboratory cultures maintained
at 25C and 90 mg/L hardness … for reproduction), suggesting no hardness-dependent effect on …

… At metal concentrations permitting survival but impairing reproduction, daphnids weighed
less than … Reduction in labile copper in the 7-day Ceriodaphnia dubia toxicity test due to the …

… na and Ceriodaphnia dubia to salinity <467 mg NaCI/L and … on survival and reproductive
success, it was decided to use … lakes with chronically low levels of salinity, alkalinity, hardness, …

… Reproductive effects of elevated dissolved ions were initially … culture, and for keeping ENTOX
afloat these past few months. … three water types (low hardness/low alkalinity, low hardness/…

… and Ceriodaphnia dubia most sensitive to effects of nitrate. … ), daphnids (Ceriodaphnia
dubia; 7-d survival and reproduction), … Hardness and alkalinity were measured on waters at test …

… Culture water was moderately hard synthetic water (see … In this study, effects on reproductive
output were used as a … of this test to show a statistically significant hardness effect cannot be …

… tested for toxicity was also analyzed for conductivity, alkalinity… the effluent and by replication
of the dilutions being tested. Ambient … Differences in the amounts of time needed for culture …

… used in testing were obtained from in-house cultures (ENSR … by the measurement of
phenolphthalein alkalinity [19]. As HCO 3 … placed on replication between batches of tests …

… this species used a variety of test and culture methods [10-13]. … The hardness and alkalinity
of this water were approximately … survival and reproduction of Ceriodaphnia dubia over 7 d a …