… Briefly, each rat was anesthetized with a mixture of ketamine … sensitive K + channel activation
in EA-induced antinociception. … l-arginine/nitric oxide/cGMP cascade by chemically-induced …

… peripheral antinociception by ketamine, but some recent studies have implicated the nitric
oxide/cyclic guanosine monophosphate pathways … In rodents, peripheral delivery of ketamine …

… (NOS) activation. The effects of NO require the enhancement of the levels of nucleotide cyclic
guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), a second messenger that activates protein kinase G (…

… by ketamine appears to disinhibit pyramidal neurons, activate … action of ketamine on sodium
channels at peripheral nerve … In rats, the lethal dose of ketamine is well above 40 mg/kg [45]…

… observed in rats, which is characterized by the inhibition of brain NOS activities in the … ,
ketamine activates the l-arginine/NO/cGMP pathway via NOS and exerts its antinociceptive effects …

… and l–arginine/nitric oxide/cyclic-guanosine monophosphate … anesthetized with 60 mg/kg
ketamine plus 7.5 mg/kg xylazine … on l–arginine/nitric oxide/cyclic guanosine monophosphate (l…

… guanosine monophosphate (NO/cGMP) signaling pathway … of NMDA receptor channels and
the activation of NO synthase (… antinociceptive effect against peripheral nerve injury in a rat …

… [41] Antinociception mediated by muscarinic receptors has … , propofol, and ketamine on the
NO-cGMP pathway, the results of … by an L-arginine/nitric oxide/cyclic GMP cascade in rats. J …

… Background: Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and opioid receptors are involved
… activation of the NO-cGMP pathway does not contribute to the antinociception of ketamine at …

… anti-nociception.[ 11 ] … rats, it was pointed out that peripherally administered K (NMDA
receptor antagonist) was capable of activating the l-arginine/Nitric oxide (NO)/cyclic guanosine …