… that nephrotoxic metals of arsenic, cadmium, lead and mercury exposures may be associated
with the odds of kidney stones, … of cadmium, lead and mercury and urinary arsenic and the …

… Background: Nephrotoxic metals of arsenic, cadmium, lead and mercury exposures are …
between arsenic, cadmium, lead and mercury exposures and the risk of kidney stones are …

… : The odds ratio of lithiasis associated with urinary cadmium >1 … cadmium and kidney stones
was not significant in males. … hypothesis that cadmium-induced tubulopathy/nephrotoxicity is …

… ), as well as to renal stone formation—prevalence rates are up … a 10% chance of developing
tubular dysfunction at urinary Cd … arsenic and Cd produced greater nephrotoxicity than either …

… of cadmium in the risk of renal stones is less investigated. Cadmium is a nephrotoxic metal,
… cadmium and the odds risk ratio of kidney stone. The dependent variable was a history of …

… heavy metals (HMs) exposure and the risk of chronic kidney … to HMs (ie cadmium, lead,
arsenic, mercury) and the risk of … Extracted data from each individual study that reported odds …

… Cadmium is a nephrotoxic metal present in food. Exposure to … (odds ratio (OR) 1.40 95%
CI: 1.06–1.86) of self-reported kidney stones among women with urinary cadmium levels > 1 μg/…

… as a cause of nephrotoxicity from lead exposure [19]. … a higher ULL was associated with a
higher likelihood of kidney stones. … exposed to low levels of lead, cadmium, and mercury [27]. …

… Thus, we hypothesized that nephrotoxic Cd and Co … U-Co and Cd concentrations and
kidney stone odds. First, we … that the nephrotoxic metals Cd, Pb, mercury, and arsenic were …

… was associated with a greater incidence of kidney stones in men (Huang et al. … nephrotoxic
metals, including arsenic (As), Pb, Cd, and mercury (Hg), was associated with increased odds …