… current understanding of vitamin D and its … mechanism of vitamin D action in classical as
well as nonclassical target tissues. This article also evaluates the suggested role of vitamin D in …

… Expression profiling in squamous carcinoma cells reveals pleiotropic effects of vitamin D3
signaling on cell proliferation, differentiation and immune system regulation. Mol Endocrinol …

… In summary, findings from these studies define novel mechanisms that may be of
fundamental importance in understanding how 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 mediates its pleiotropic effects. …

… ,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 (1,25(OH) 2 D 3 ) is the natural ligand for the vitamin D receptor, a
… , the vitamin D receptor heterodimerizes with the retinoid X receptor and binds to vitamin D …

… the structure of this critical enzyme in vitamin D metabolism. Mutations in this gene are
responsible for the rare autosomal disease of pseudovitamin D deficiency rickets (40,42,44,45). …

… action of vitamin D. Further innovative studies are required to identify and characterise autocrine
and/or paracrine networks of vitamin D metabolism … 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 . Such studies have …

… , vitamin D disappears from the serum within a week [5] . Vitamin D is bound to the serum
vitamin D … step in metabolism occurs, that of conversion to the prohormone 25-hydroxyvitamin …

… It is now clear that vitamin D displays a complex multistep metabolism and acts … vitamin D
metabolism, such as novel concepts in enzyme regulation, new pleiotropic effects of vitamin D …

… D 3 (25(OH)D 3 ). It has been suggested that CYP2R1 is the key enzyme required for 25-hydroxylation
of vitamin D … levels of 25(OH)D 3 and classic symptoms of vitamin D deficiency. …

… Although vitamin D has been reported to have pleiotropic effects including effects on the …
In this article we focus on recent advances in our understanding of the vitamin D endocrine …