Ferroelectric solitons crafted in epitaxial bismuth ferrite superlattices

V Govinden, P Tong, X Guo, Q Zhang, S Mantri… - Nature …, 2023 - nature.com
V Govinden, P Tong, X Guo, Q Zhang, S Mantri, MM Seyfouri, S Prokhorenko, Y Nahas…
Nature Communications, 2023nature.com
In ferroelectrics, complex interactions among various degrees of freedom enable the
condensation of topologically protected polarization textures. Known as ferroelectric
solitons, these particle-like structures represent a new class of materials with promise for
beyond-CMOS technologies due to their ultrafine size and sensitivity to external stimuli.
Such polarization textures have scarcely been demonstrated in multiferroics. Here, we
present evidence for ferroelectric solitons in (BiFeO3)/(SrTiO3) superlattices. High-resolution …
Abstract
In ferroelectrics, complex interactions among various degrees of freedom enable the condensation of topologically protected polarization textures. Known as ferroelectric solitons, these particle-like structures represent a new class of materials with promise for beyond-CMOS technologies due to their ultrafine size and sensitivity to external stimuli. Such polarization textures have scarcely been demonstrated in multiferroics. Here, we present evidence for ferroelectric solitons in (BiFeO3)/(SrTiO3) superlattices. High-resolution piezoresponse force microscopy and Cs-corrected high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy reveal a zoo of topologies, and polarization displacement mapping of planar specimens reveals center-convergent/divergent topological defects as small as 3 nm. Phase-field simulations verify that some of these structures can be classed as bimerons with a topological charge of ±1, and first-principles-based effective Hamiltonian computations show that the coexistence of such structures can lead to non-integer topological charges, a first observation in a BiFeO3-based system. Our results open new opportunities in multiferroic topotronics.
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