Chronic heart failure (CHF) remains a serious clinical and public health problem today, and
is the ultimate destination for all types of heart disease. The prevalence of CHF is high, the …

Objectives The objectives of the study are to investigate the causes of diuretic resistance in
patients with advanced congestive heart failure (CHF), since diuretics are the cornerstone of …

Heart failure (HF) is a common cardiovascular condition that affects millions of people
worldwide. One of the most common complications of HF is fluid overload, which can lead to …

Chronic congestive heart failure (CHF) is a complex disorder characterized by inability of the
heart to keep up the demands on it, followed by the progressive pump failure and fluid …

Improving congestion with diuretic therapy is crucial in the treatment of heart failure (HF).
However, despite the use of loop diuretics, diuresis may be inadequate and congestion …

Background Diuretic resistance is associated with increased mortality in patients with heart
failure (HF). Qi Li Qiang Xin Jiao Nang, a Traditional Chinese Medicine, are used in the …

Background Diuretics are a cornerstone treatment for heart failure, but some patients will
gradually develop reduced sensitivity to diuretics, resulting in weakened or even …

Edema caused by kidney disease is called renal edema. Edema is a common symptom of
many human kidney diseases. Patients with renal edema often need to take diuretics …

Diuretic drugs are used almost universally in patients with congestive heart failure, most
frequently the potent loop diuretics. Despite their unproven effect on survival, their …

Decompensated heart failure accounts for approximately 1 million hospitalizations in the
United States annually, and this number is expected to increase significantly in the near …