Major depressive disorder is one of the most disabling mental disorders worldwide.
Increasing preclinical and clinical studies have highlighted that compositional and functional
(eg, metabolite) changes in gut microbiota, known as dysbiosis, are associated with the
onset and progression of depression via regulating the gut-brain axis. However, the gut
microbiota and their metabolites present a double-edged sword in depression. Dysbiosis is
involved in the pathogenesis of depression while, at the same time, offering a novel …