Study Design Observational, prospective cohort. Background Musculoskeletal pain is a
common reason to seek health care, and earlier nonpharmacological treatment and
enhancement of personalized care options are 2 high-priority areas. Validating concise
assessment tools is an important step toward establishing better care pathways. Objectives
To determine the predictive validity of Optimal Screening for Prediction of Referral and
Outcome (OSPRO) tools for individuals with neck, low back, shoulder, or knee pain. Methods …

Musculoskeletal pain is one of the most common reasons for Emergency Department (ED)
visits, yet pain reporting is limited to the 0-10 numeric rating scale, and its impact tends to be
underestimated by healthcare providers. The Optimal Screening for Prediction of Referral
and Outcome (OSPRO) Review of Symptoms (ROS) and Yellow Flag (YF) Assessment Tools
identify somatic symptoms and psychological factors affecting pain-related outcomes
previously validated in outpatient physical therapy populations. The purpose of this study …