Background: The aim of the study was to examine the effects of parental socioeconomic
status, own socioeconomic status and social mobility upon the development of smoking from …

Aims: To assess the association of parental education, childhood living conditions and
adversities with daily smoking in early adulthood and to analyse the effect of the …

Aims: The associations between smoking and various socioeconomic indicators may have
different implications and causes, which may also vary according to sex and birth cohort …

Background: The pathway between socioeconomic disadvantages and smoking is a
process that requires an understanding of life-course influence. Purpose: This study …

PURPOSE: Persistence of socioeconomic differences in smoking among adolescents over
time is unexplored. We investigated the changes in smoking among 12–18-year-old Finns …

Background and aims: Socioeconomic differences in smoking have been well established.
While previous studies have mostly relied on one socioeconomic indicator at a time, this …

Smoking habits at the age of 14 were studied in a series of about 11000 children in Northern
Finland. This cohort study was started before the birth of the child as a family inquiry. 6.4% of …

Background: This study assessed the contributions of individual, household and
neighbourhood-level factors to socio-economic inequalities in smoking. Methods: Data …

Background: While the graded relationship between socio-economic status (SES) and risk
behaviour in adulthood has been the subject of intense research, far less is known about …

Abstract Background In developed European countries in the last phase of the smoking
epidemic, education is a stronger predictor of smoking than income or employment. We …