Background Malaria epidemics in highland areas of East Africa have caused considerable
morbidity and mortality in the past two decades. Knowledge of" hotspot" areas of high …

Abstract Background The East African highlands are fringe regions between stable and
unstable malaria transmission. What factors contribute to the heterogeneity of malaria …

Objective To identify risk factors for uncomplicated malaria in highland areas of East Africa at
higher risk of malaria epidemics, in order to design appropriate interventions. Methods …

Background Large reductions in malaria transmission and mortality have been achieved
over the last decade, and this has mainly been attributed to the scale-up of long-lasting …

Background Topographic parameters such as elevation, slope, aspect, and ruggedness play
an important role in malaria transmission in the highland areas. They affect biological …

The epidemiology of malaria over small areas remains poorly understood, and this is
particularly true for malaria during epidemics in highland areas of Africa, where transmission …

Background Malaria in the western Kenya highlands is characterized by unstable and high
transmission variability which results in epidemics during periods of suitable climatic …

Background Understanding the relationship between Plasmodium falciparum malaria
transmission and health outcomes requires accurate estimates of exposure to infectious …

Recent concern over the potential links between climate change and disease transmission
has brought to the fore the issue of malaria as an emerging disease in non-endemic areas …

Abstract Background In African highland areas where endemicity of malaria varies greatly
according to altitude and topography, parasitaemia accompanied by fever may not be …