Abstract Purpose of Review In this review, we summarize current evidence on the
association between antibiotics and the subsequent development of obesity through …

Purpose Antibiotic use is associated with alteration of the gut microbiome and metabolic
activity. As childhood obesity is a predisposing factor for adult obesity, addressing childhood …

Environmental factors, such as social networks, have an influence on obesity pandemics.
The gut microbial flora (microbiota) plays a role in converting nutrients into calories …

Obesity is one of the leading causes of preventable death in the United States, second only
to smoking. The annual number of deaths attributed to obesity is estimated to be as high as …

Objective To compare immune function in obese and nonobese subjects. Design Obese and
nonobese subjects were compared cross-sectionally. To test for the influence of other factors …

Background The association between extremes of relative body weight and mortality has not
been well characterized in developing countries. A prospective cohort study was conducted …

Objective Earlylife antibiotic exposure, whether through prenatal or childhood antibiotic
use, may contribute to increased child body mass. Associations of prenatal and childhood …

OBJECTIVE: Antibiotics have direct effects on the human intestinal microbiota, particularly in
infancy. Antibacterial agents promote growth in farm animals by unknown mechanisms, but …

Objective To examine the timing, frequency, and type of antibiotic exposure during the first
10 years of life in association with (over) weight across this period in a cohort of 979 …

Results: Among 142 824 children under care in the prior year, a reversible association was
observed and this short-term BMI gain was modified by age (P< 0.001); effect size peaked in …