… We assessed the long-term effect of β-blocker use on survival and exacerbations in patients
… long-term β-blocker use improves survival and reduces the risk of exacerbations in patients …

… exacerbations, and this warrants further investigation. The acute withdrawal of β blockers has
been associated with an increased risk of … patients whose β blockers were discontinued on …

… association with total exacerbations). … risk of death and exacerbations than those taking
β-blockers, consistent with our findings.9 No other study has directly compared exacerbation risk …

… than those not receiving a β-blocker. Additionally, our data suggest that patients receiving
a β-blocker had fewer mild exacerbations than did patients not receiving a β-blocker. There …

… Hypothesising that the β1 selectivity of the β blocker is associated with the severity of …
treated with a β1-selective β blocker with those who were treated with non-selective β blockers. …

… associated with higher exacerbation risk. Because of the potential for metoprolol to exhibit β-2
… baseline BDR who were treated with metoprolol would have a higher risk of exacerbation. …

… Furthermore, β-blocker … β-blockers have on the rate of exacerbations has recently
been evaluated. This literature review examines COPD exacerbations in patients receiving β-blockers. …

… with a high risk of exacerbations and found a similar beneficial association of beta-blockers
with … , suggesting that beta-blockers are safe even in patients at highest risk. This finding is …

… β-blockers may reduce the risk of COPD exacerbations; thus, … of metoprolol succinate on
the rate of COPD exacerbations. … for patients at high risk for exacerbations. Patients will be …

… β-blockers significantly decreased the risk of exacerbation of … effect of β-blockers on risk of
COPD exacerbations have not been … β-adrenoceptors led to overexpression of β-receptors [ …