Abstract The middle Miocene Fotan flora of Zhangpu County, South Fujian, China has been
considered to represent tropical rainforest based on the occurrence of distinctive winged fruit
fossils of the Dipterocarpaceae. However, this paleoclimatic interpretation has been
challenged. In this study, we describe new tropical and subtropical elements of this flora that
co-occurred with Dipterocarpaceae based on newly collected fossil leaves from the Fotan
flora. The fossils were identified through detailed comparison with leaves of living plants. Six …