All Medicaid expansions are not created equal: the geography and targeting of the Affordable Care Act

C Garthwaite, JA Graves, T Gross, Z Karaca… - 2019 - nber.org
We use comprehensive patient-level discharge data to study the effect of Medicaid on the
use of hospital services. Our analysis relies on cross-state variation in the Affordable Care
Act's Medicaid expansion, along with within-state variation across ZIP Codes in exposure to
the expansion. We find that the Medicaid expansion increased Medicaid visits and
decreased uninsured visits. The net effect is positive for all visits, suggesting that those who
gain coverage through Medicaid consume more hospital services than they would if they …

[PDF][PDF] All Medicaid Expansions Are Not Created Equal: The Geography and Targeting of the Affordable Care Act

T Gross, Z Karaca, V Marone, MJ Notowidigdo - kellogg.northwestern.edu
We use comprehensive patient-level discharge data to study the effect of Medicaid on the
use of hospital services. Our analysis relies on cross-state variation in the Affordable Care
Act's Medicaid expansion, along with within-state variation across ZIP Codes in exposure to
the expansion. We find that the Medicaid expansion increased Medicaid visits and
decreased uninsured visits. The net effect is positive for all visits, suggesting that Medicaid
leads the uninsured to consume more hospital services overall. The increase in emergency …
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