Assessment of the embodied carbon in precast concrete wall panels using a hybrid life cycle assessment approach in Malaysia
There is currently growing interest in quantifying the direct and indirect carbon emissions
embodied in construction materials and their components production. Previous research
shows that indirect emission could be higher than direct emission for energy intensity
materials such as cement and steel reinforcement. Quantifying direct emissions alone would
underestimate the carbon emissions associated with a material and in turn its environmental
impact. The assessment of indirect emissions is a challenging task involving upstream …
embodied in construction materials and their components production. Previous research
shows that indirect emission could be higher than direct emission for energy intensity
materials such as cement and steel reinforcement. Quantifying direct emissions alone would
underestimate the carbon emissions associated with a material and in turn its environmental
impact. The assessment of indirect emissions is a challenging task involving upstream …
[PDF][PDF] Assessment of the embodied carbon in precast concrete wall panels using a hybrid life cycle assessment approach in Malaysia
abstract There is currently growing interest in quantifying the direct and indirect carbon
emissions embodied in construction materials and their components production. Previous
research shows that indirect emission could be higher than direct emission for energy
intensity materials such as cement and steel reinforcement. Quantifying direct emissions
alone would underestimate the carbon emissions associated with a material and in turn its
environmental impact. The assessment of indirect emissions is a challenging task involving …
emissions embodied in construction materials and their components production. Previous
research shows that indirect emission could be higher than direct emission for energy
intensity materials such as cement and steel reinforcement. Quantifying direct emissions
alone would underestimate the carbon emissions associated with a material and in turn its
environmental impact. The assessment of indirect emissions is a challenging task involving …
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