… theory of political retributivism fails to be either a genuine retributive theory or a theory of
political … It uses legal guilt as a proxy for equitable blameworthiness. It thereby relies upon broad …

… , under proxy criminalization we are able to prove the guilt of … doubt (though it is the guilt of
committing the proxy, not the … on retributivism and proxy criminalization: proxy crimes seem to …

… for guilt and remorse, such punishment is a form of cleansing In this respect, retributivist …
different premises that grounded Aristotle's conception of politics and morality. In the end, a …

… : first, what retributivism is, and second, how one justifies retributivism as the only proper …
guilty are punished) is taken to be essential to retributivism. Although I thus conclude that a …

… and whom to punish: retributivist theory claims that punishment … say that retributivists (at least
"standard issue" retributivists) are … : is the CCR truly a retributivist theory? Markel says it is;3 …

… and she – rather than a proxy or other third party – undertakes … unapologetically anti-intellectual
politicians and judges that … , these vectors of harm end because we can stop blaming …

… the political retributivist as those same crimes are cardinal violations of the underlying political
… with retributive justice given that it connotes moral blame. Indeed, moral desert impliedly …

… But at least she does not hold retributivists at fault for causing … is the name of a particular
political ideology. Instead, it refers … mention it invoke surrogates or proxies for desert, what it is …

… to blame, and not to forgive, is inconsistent with the political values … that move away from
retribution, and towards reparation and … institutional processes that stand proxy for our collective …

… as well as on topics in political philosophy and ethics. He wishes … as the view that ‘‘reactive
attitudes and practices of blame … why the Proxy case is problematic for retributivism. Say that a …