This review examines the hypothesis that one of the links in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia may be a violation of the folding mechanism of the convolutions and furrows of the brain in the prenatal period with a change in the index of gyrification and thickness of the cortex in certain brain areas. According to available, this indicator data remains unchanged throughout life, so it can be considered as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of schizophrenia. Testing of this hypothesis became possible due to the development of neuroimaging methods and computer processing of the results of high resolution MRI scans. A systematic review of the published data was carried out; it was possible to conduct a meta-analysis with preliminary data on areas of interest in the brain for 6 articles, the gyrification of which is impaired in schizophrenia.

Hypogyrification by the GI calculation method has been identified in areas of the brain responsible for cognitive functions, language, and the quality of social interactions.