A system was built to detect cavitation in pig kidney during shock-wave lithotripsy (SWL) with
a Dornier HM3 lithotripter. Active detection using echo on B-mode ultrasound, and passive
cavitation detection using coincident signals on confocal orthogonal receivers, were used to
interrogate the renal collecting system (urine) and the kidney parenchyma (tissue).
Cavitation was detected in urine immediately upon shock-wave (SW) administration in urine
or urine plus X-ray contrast agent but, in native tissue, cavitation required hundreds of SWs …