Contact angle methods are widely used to evaluate the wettability of cellulose-based
surfaces and to judge their suitability for different applications. Wettability affects ink
receptivity, coating, absorbency, adhesion, and frictional properties. There has been a
continuing quest on the part of researchers to quantify the thermodynamic work of adhesion
between cellulosic surfaces and various probe liquids and to account for such components
of force as the London/van der Waals dispersion force, hydrogen bonding, and acid and …