Cyclopentadithiophene and fluorene Spiro-core-based hole-transporting materials for perovskite solar cells

R Nakar, FJ Ramos, C Dalinot… - The Journal of …, 2019 - ACS Publications
The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2019ACS Publications
New three-dimensional hole-transporting materials (HTMs) based on either 9, 9′-
spirobifluorene (SBF) or spiro-[cyclopenta [1, 2-b: 5, 4-b′] dithiophene-4, 9′-
fluorene](SDTF) core have been synthesized. All three HTMs, namely, SBFCz2, SDTFCz2,
and SDTCz2F, are end-capped with two peripheral 3, 6-dimethoxydiphenylaminyl-carbazole
(CzDMPA) units. The HTMs behave as molecular glasses with glass transition temperature
(T g) close to or higher than that of the reference HTM Spiro-OMeTAD. Thermal and …
New three-dimensional hole-transporting materials (HTMs) based on either 9,9′-spirobifluorene (SBF) or spiro-[cyclopenta[1,2-b:5,4-b′]dithiophene-4,9′-fluorene] (SDTF) core have been synthesized. All three HTMs, namely, SBFCz2, SDTFCz2, and SDTCz2F, are end-capped with two peripheral 3,6-dimethoxydiphenylaminyl-carbazole (CzDMPA) units. The HTMs behave as molecular glasses with glass transition temperature (Tg) close to or higher than that of the reference HTM Spiro-OMeTAD. Thermal and optoelectronic properties strongly depend upon the nature of the bridging core unit between the two CzDMPA units. The two fluorene-bridged molecules SBFCz2 and SDTFCz2 exhibit similar properties. On the contrary, SDTCz2F, where the CzDMPA units are bridged to the cyclopentadithiophene ring, displays lower highest occupied molecular orbital/lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy levels and smaller band gaps. Upon doping of the HTM layer in perovskite solar cells, in spite of a much lower hole mobility, SDTCz2F leads to the highest power conversion efficiency (16.4% compared to 14.5 and 14.3% for SBFCz2 and SDTFCz2, respectively).
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