Dendritic cells (DC) are professional antigen-presenting cells whose primary function is the
initiation of immune response. Based on the finding that the immune system usually fails to
identify and kill cancer cells, DC have been recently used as vaccines for stimulation of
tumour-specific immunity. This review focuses on pitfalls related to DC-based vaccination
against solid tumours and on improvement of this immunotherapeutic approach for routine
treatment of cancer disease.