Swimming jellyfish deliver momentum to the surrounding fluid in the form of vortices. A three-
dimensional computational model was adopted to investigate the characteristic flow patterns
produced by jellyfish with a jet-based locomotion and the process of vortex generation. The
interaction between jellyfish and the surrounding fluid may be simulated using the immersed
boundary method. The vortex structures generated in the wake were elucidated in detail.
The vortices were formed due to the contraction and expansion of the elastic bell. A …