Effects of a high-protein/moderate-carbohydrate diet on appetite, gut peptides, and endocannabinoids—a PREVIEW study
L Tischmann, M Drummen, B Gatta-Cherifi, A Raben… - Nutrients, 2019 - mdpi.com
Nutrients, 2019•mdpi.com
Favorable effects of a high-protein/moderate-carbohydrate (HP/MCHO) diet after weight loss
on body weight management have been shown. To extend these findings, associations
between perception of hunger and satiety with endocannabinoids, and with glucagon-like
peptide-1 (GLP-1) and polypeptide YY (PYY) were assessed. At approximately 34 months
after weight loss, 22 female and 16 male participants (mean age 64.5±5.9 years; body mass
index (BMI) 28.9±3.9 kg/m2) completed a 48 h respiration chamber study. Participants were …
on body weight management have been shown. To extend these findings, associations
between perception of hunger and satiety with endocannabinoids, and with glucagon-like
peptide-1 (GLP-1) and polypeptide YY (PYY) were assessed. At approximately 34 months
after weight loss, 22 female and 16 male participants (mean age 64.5±5.9 years; body mass
index (BMI) 28.9±3.9 kg/m2) completed a 48 h respiration chamber study. Participants were …
Favorable effects of a high-protein/moderate-carbohydrate (HP/MCHO) diet after weight loss on body weight management have been shown. To extend these findings, associations between perception of hunger and satiety with endocannabinoids, and with glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and polypeptide YY (PYY) were assessed. At approximately 34 months after weight loss, 22 female and 16 male participants (mean age 64.5 ± 5.9 years; body mass index (BMI) 28.9 ± 3.9 kg/m2) completed a 48 h respiration chamber study. Participants were fed in energy balance with a HP/MCHO diet with 25%:45%:30% or a moderate-protein/high-carbohydrate (MP/HCHO) diet with 15%:55%:30% of energy from protein:carbohydrate:fat. Endocannabinoids and related compounds, relevant postprandial hormones (GLP-1, PYY), hunger, satiety, and ad libitum food intake were assessed. HP/MCHO versus MP/HCHO reduced hunger perception. The lower decremental area under the curve (dAUC) for hunger in the HP/MCHO diet (−56.6% compared to MP, p < 0.05) was associated with the higher AUC for 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) concentrations (p < 0.05). Hunger was inversely associated with PYY in the HP/MCHO group (r = −0.7, p < 0.01). Ad libitum food intake, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and incremental AUCs for gut peptides were not different between conditions. HP/MCHO versus MP/HCHO diet-induced reduction in hunger was present after 34 months weight maintenance in the post-obese state. HP/MCHO diet-induced decrease of hunger is suggested to interact with increased 2-AG and PYY concentrations.
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