Environmental regulations, air and water pollution, and infant mortality in India
M Greenstone, R Hanna - American Economic Review, 2014 - aeaweb.org
American Economic Review, 2014•aeaweb.org
Using the most comprehensive developing country dataset ever compiled on air and water
pollution and environmental regulations, the paper assesses India's environmental
regulations with a difference-in-differences design. The air pollution regulations are
associated with substantial improvements in air quality. The most successful air regulation
resulted in a modest but statistically insignificant decline in infant mortality. In contrast, the
water regulations had no measurable benefits. The available evidence leads us to …
pollution and environmental regulations, the paper assesses India's environmental
regulations with a difference-in-differences design. The air pollution regulations are
associated with substantial improvements in air quality. The most successful air regulation
resulted in a modest but statistically insignificant decline in infant mortality. In contrast, the
water regulations had no measurable benefits. The available evidence leads us to …
Abstract
Using the most comprehensive developing country dataset ever compiled on air and water pollution and environmental regulations, the paper assesses India's environmental regulations with a difference-in-differences design. The air pollution regulations are associated with substantial improvements in air quality. The most successful air regulation resulted in a modest but statistically insignificant decline in infant mortality. In contrast, the water regulations had no measurable benefits. The available evidence leads us to cautiously conclude that higher demand for air quality prompted the effective enforcement of air pollution regulations, indicating that strong public support allows environmental regulations to succeed in weak institutional settings. (JEL I12, J13, O13, Q53, Q58)
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