The recent studies on the climate change vulnerability in the arid and semiarid regions show a trend to increase the aridity, which accelerates erosion. This complex and aleatory phenomenon is dependent in addition to the anthropogenic factor on some natural parameters, especially, the hydro-climatic forcing, the topography, the geology and the land use. This study aims to analyze and map the erosion sensitivity of Hodna basin in the central of Algeria with an area of 26000 km². It is the fifth basin of Algeria, located at 150 km to the south of the Mediterranean coast. The erosion sensitivity mapping approach is based on a multi-criteria method of the parameters of topography, the geology and the land use with a hydro-climatic forcing parameter represented by the precipitation. The analysis of the maps obtained under GIS environment for different criteria, shows that the findings vary from one criterion to another. However, taking all criteria into account, the obtained map shows that the areas with a high vulnerability to erosion are located in the south and the west of the basin, representing 25% of the total basin area.