Different cracks paths in three different wing spar designs are analysed (differential, integral
and optimized integral) to explore how those cracks paths affect fatigue life estimation. First,
numerical analysis was carried out and verified, using the experimental data for differential
wing spar, followed by numerical analysis of both optimized integral wing spars. The
optimized integral spar was obtained by analysing three different cross-sections regarding
fatigue life. Crack propagation simulation and fatigue life estimation were carried out by the …