[HTML][HTML] Gαq and Gα11 proteins mediate endothelin-1 signaling in neural crest-derived pharyngeal arch mesenchyme
Developmental biology, 2003•Elsevier
Endothelin-A (ETA) is a G-protein-coupled receptor expressed in the neural crest-derived
mesenchyme of the pharyngeal arches during craniofacial development. Targeted deletion
of the ETA receptor or its ligand endothelin-1 (ET-1) causes cleft palate and hypoplasia of
the mandible, otic cup, and tympanic ring. Previously we showed that Gαq/Gα11-null mice
die around E11. 0, whereas Gαq (−/−) Gα11 (+/−) mice survive to birth with hypomorphic
phenotypes similar to, but less severe than, ETA or ET-1-null mice. To determine whether ET …
mesenchyme of the pharyngeal arches during craniofacial development. Targeted deletion
of the ETA receptor or its ligand endothelin-1 (ET-1) causes cleft palate and hypoplasia of
the mandible, otic cup, and tympanic ring. Previously we showed that Gαq/Gα11-null mice
die around E11. 0, whereas Gαq (−/−) Gα11 (+/−) mice survive to birth with hypomorphic
phenotypes similar to, but less severe than, ETA or ET-1-null mice. To determine whether ET …
Endothelin-A (ETA) is a G-protein-coupled receptor expressed in the neural crest-derived mesenchyme of the pharyngeal arches during craniofacial development. Targeted deletion of the ETA receptor or its ligand endothelin-1 (ET-1) causes cleft palate and hypoplasia of the mandible, otic cup, and tympanic ring. Previously we showed that Gαq/Gα11-null mice die around E11.0, whereas Gαq(−/−)Gα11(+/−) mice survive to birth with hypomorphic phenotypes similar to, but less severe than, ETA or ET-1-null mice. To determine whether ET-1 signaling is transduced by Gαq/Gα11 proteins, we examined the expression patterns of several ET-1 dependent and independent transcription factors in Gαq/Gα11-deficient embryos. Expression of genes encoding the ET-1-dependent transcription factors Dlx3, Dlx6, dHAND, and eHAND was specifically downregulated in the pharyngeal arches of Gαq/Gα11-deficient mice. In contrast, pharyngeal arch expression of the homeobox gene Msx1, which is not regulated by ET-1 signaling, was maintained in these embryos. We conclude that the Gαq and Gα11 proteins serve as the intracellular mediators of ET-1 signaling in the pharyngeal arch mesenchyme.
Elsevier