Due to the limited smartness and abilities of machine intelligence, currently autonomous
vehicles are still unable to handle all kinds of situations and completely replace drivers.
Because humans exhibit strong robustness and adaptability in complex driving scenarios, it
is of great importance to introduce humans into the training loop of artificial intelligence,
leveraging human intelligence to further advance machine learning algorithms. In this study,
a real-time human-guidance-based deep reinforcement learning (Hug-DRL) method is …