… toxicological benchmarks for assessment of effects of certain chemicals on mammalian and
avian wildlife … This chapter will present two examples that illustrate the application of the …

… As a test case, we apply this two-phased approach to some benchmarks commonly used
in ecological risk assessment. It is hoped that use of this approach will lead to a greater …

… Benchmarks for sediments, soil, and wildlife food and water are presented in Oak Ridge
National Laboratory (ORNL) reports [2… Finally, many of the NAWQC have not been revised since …

… at a location exceeds a toxicity benchmark. The particular type of … wildlife benchmarks have
been revised three times since they were first presented in 1993 (Table 3), with each revision …

… of 2 primary components: exposure estimation and toxicity evaluation. The focus of this
article is on wildlife toxicity … (this issue2013) examines advances related to wildlife exposure …

… Standard acute aquati c toxicity tests are 48 or 96 hours in … Finally, many of the NAWQC
have not been revised since … separate benchmarks to address effects on plants and wildlife and …

… These fish and wildlife reports are very similar to the ATSDR profiles in the information
provided. Summary tables of toxicity data, test species, effects, and references are provided. • …

… been extracted from toxicological benchmarks documents for Oak … benchmarks are used as
PRGs in various media, the two … terrestrial wildlife is a new feature in this 1996 revision of the …

… chronic wildlife TRVs from chronic rodent toxicity data may mask significant species-specific
differences in bioavailability and pharmacokinetics. For example, copper toxicity is highly …

… ERAs for terrestrial wildlife, and … toxicological effects assessment, and was charged with
reviewing and providing recommendations for (1) existing wildlife toxicology testing protocols, (2…