The World Centre of Excellence on Landslides Disaster Reduction at the National Institute of Disaster Management, Delhi, India carried out a brief study on documentation of landslides to prepare archival records of the socio-economically and environmentally significant landslides in India and bring out the lessons learned from these events. The relevant literature and reports on landslides have been studied along with the news archives of the landslide events from the media. The data, thus obtained, has been analyzed, compared and categorized based on certain parameters to classify them on the basis of socio-economic and environmental damages or losses by each event. The paper provides an insight into the approach adopted, criteria devised for defining and classifying the socio-economically and environmentally significant landslides while using the available information from thee archival records of these landslide events. Though there have been more than 70,000 landslides recorded by various organizations in different parts of the country yet the author could identify only 412 landslides that can be taken up as socio-economically and environmentally significant landslides from the year 1868 to 2022. Further, these landslides have been classified as low, moderate and high socio-economic significance to differentiate the degree of damages and losses from these events, including both direct and indirect costs. The study also attempted to focus on actions taken (right or wrong, good and the bad practices) as well as the lessons learned for key takeaways in future strategies and practices. The National Disaster Management Authority, Government of India, has already brought out National Guidelines on Management of Landslides during the year 2009 and National Landslides Risk Mitigation Strategy during the year 2019. Such guidelines, policies, plans, procedures and practices may be made more effective by considering the lessons drawn from the past landslides events.