The magnetic exchange interaction of clusters with the quasiparticles of superconducting Pb(111) is probed by scanning tunneling spectroscopy of Yu-Shiba-Rusinov states. The spectral weight of the Yu-Shiba-Rusinov resonances is shifted from the coherence peaks in the Fe monomer spectrum towards the Fermi energy in the Fe dimer spectrum. Unexpectedly, the linear Fe trimer does not follow this trend, as it exhibits an almost identical spectrum to the single Fe atom. Kinked Fe trimers where one of the end atoms deviates from the linear orientation, in contrast, show strong Yu-Shiba-Rusinov resonances well within the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer energy gap of the substrate. First-principles simulations of the Yu-Shiba-Rusinov states reveal which adsorption geometries and magnetic structures of the clusters can reproduce the experimental spectra most accurately.