In the mature central nervous system (CNS), oligodendrocytes provide support and
insulation to axons thanks to the production of a myelin sheath. During their maturation to
myelinating cells, oligodendroglial precursors (OPCs) follow a very precise differentiation
program, which is finely orchestrated by transcription factors, epigenetic factors and
microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding RNAs involved in post-transcriptional
regulation. Any alterations in this program can potentially contribute to dysregulated …