Migration has been dominating the national, regional, and global scholarly discourse in recent years. Recent global estimates indicate that 3.4 percent of the world’s population, about 258 million people, are international migrants and all countries are origins and destinations of human migration. Poverty and inequality constructed within the dominant national economic paradigm compounds the problematics of migration. Consequently, the United Nations (UN) initiated the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to end poverty in all its forms; however, that there is a nexus between migration and sustainable development is not in doubt. But the nexus between migration and sustainable development is not a one-way traffic; rather, it is a two-way traffic. In other words, there is a reciprocal relationship between migration and sustainable development. Thus, while migration affects sustainable development, conversely, sustainable development influences migration. The study concludes that while documented migration tends to beget sustainable development, undocumented voluntary international migration tends to endanger it. Conversely, while sustainable development is likely to increase documented migration, lack of it tends to increase undocumented migration. For migration to be a win-win for both origin and host countries, the study recommended that an effective global policy on migration that can reduce undocumented voluntary international migration and encourage documented international migration is a harbinger for sustainable development which can enhance global prosperity, peace, and security. This chapter is essentially a desktop study relying solely on secondary data.