… For this purpose, we propose a two-stage mixed duopoly game, in which the first stage
concerns the government's choice of privatization and the tax-subsidy scheme, and the second …

… Intuitively, the higher output in the mixed duopoly induces higher abatement than private
duopoly; hence, environmental tax is higher in the mixed than in the private duopoly. Owing to …

… This section compares the optimal ER&D and environmental damage in the mixed duopoly
and in the private duopoly and further examines the effect of privatizing the public firm on …

… , within a basic model of a mixed duopoly. This examination is … the mixed duopoly model
with indirect environmental regula… of environmental regulations on environmental damage and …

… We consider a two-stage game in a polluting mixed duopoly with an exogenous environmental
tax in this study. Firms adopt the cleaner production technology to reduce emissions. In …

… much attention in the literature on mixed oligopoly, which is our focus … environmental R&D
subsidy into a mixed duopoly and examine the optimal subsidy under different environmental …

… the optimal environmental tax in the pure duopoly. … mixed duopoly, we find the effect of the
environmental tax on outputs to be δqi/δt = 1/3p . This indicates that setting the environmental …

… In this study, we compared two types of environmental regulations in private and mixed-duopoly
markets: emissions taxes and green R&D subsidies. We showed that a green R&D …

… of environmental friendliness in a mixed duopolistic market, we present an analysis of public
firm privatization effects on the environment … Consumers are aware of the environmental …

… (iv) We consider the private firm's environmental awareness in mixed duopoly. The consumer's
awareness of ECSR concerned of private firms will also affect the degree of privatization …