Because of the rising food demand, climate change, and environmental pollution, the global agricultural system is under increasing stress. In the current era, nanotechnology has demonstrated several applications in a variety of areas, including agriculture, medicine, and drugs. Due to their nano size, the increased surface to volume ratio, and unique morphology, nanoparticles have different characteristics than bulk materials. Nanoparticulated systems are being developed for use as fertilizers, insecticides, herbicides, sensors, and quality enhancers in agriculture. The present chapter discusses the use of nanoparticles (NPs) to improve sustainable agriculture and the environment by managing plant diseases directly as well as indirectly. The use of nanoparticles in plant disease control is a potential method for dealing with global concerns and ensuring sustainable crop production. This chapter will cover the basics of nanoparticles (NPs) and their uses in plant disease control. Plant disease management via the use of non-conventional nano-pesticides and fertilizer can play a pivotal role in mitigating the global food challenges and agricultural pollution concerns.