Atherosclerosis is a dynamic process starting with endothelial dysfunction and inflammation
and eventually leading to life-threatening arterial plaques. Exercise generally improves
endothelial function in a dose-dependent manner by altering hemodynamics, specifically by
increased arterial pressure, pulsatility, and shear stress. However, athletes who regularly
participate in high-intensity training can develop arterial plaques, suggesting alternative
mechanisms through which excessive exercise promotes vascular disease. Understanding …

Atherosclerosis is a dynamic process starting with endothelial dysfunction and inflammation
and eventually leading 13 to life-threatening arterial plaques. Exercise generally improves
endothelial function in a dose-dependent manner by 14 altering hemodynamics, specifically
by increased arterial pressure, pulsatility, and shear stress. However, athletes 15 who
regularly participate in high-intensity training can develop arterial plaques, suggesting
alternative mechanisms 16 through which excessive exercise promotes vascular disease …