Living cells have the capability to synthesize molecular components and precisely assemble
them from the nanoscale to build macroscopic living functional architectures under ambient
conditions. The emerging field of living materials has leveraged microbial engineering to
produce materials for various applications but building 3D structures in arbitrary patterns
and shapes has been a major challenge. Here we set out to develop a bioink, termed as
“microbial ink” that is produced entirely from genetically engineered microbial cells …