Temperature is the most important factor affecting rose plant growth and flowering. Different components of productivity and quality, such as bud breaking, rate of flower abortion, formation of renewal shoots, the time between harvests, length, weight and diameter of stem and flower buds, leaf area and pigmentation of petals are affected by temperature. Cold or low temperature resulted in an increased in flower yield, stem length and flower quality. In this review, the current knowledge and possible understanding of low or cold temperature, which can be used to improve the bud break, shoot growth, flower yield and quality of the rose plant, have been reviewed and discussed. The role of low or cold temperature to mitigate the harmful effects of heat stress in the rose plant is also examined.