In order to develop cement extrusion technology, it is absolutely necessary to perform an adequate rheological characterization of cement-based formulations, by the use of non-traditional testing methods specifically developed for this purpose. Current rheological methods proposed for fresh concrete, mortars and pastes are applicable to highly flowable mixes, but it is not possible to use them for the characterization of dense, cohesive and very dry compositions (such as the cement mixes used for extrusion). Furthermore, the technological development of the extrusion process is quite complex, due to the chemio-rheological behaviour of the cement-based materials to be used. This paper describes the most promising test methods currently adopted for the rheological characterization of cement-based compositions to be used in the extrusion process. Some examples of experimental results will also be reported.