… to other rewarding stimuli (eg, sex, food) or activities (eg, gambling, exercising). The goal of
… gender differences not only in drug addiction, but also in other forms of addictive behaviours. …

… There is also a sex difference in the dopamine response in the … accumbens, resulting in a
sex difference in the balance between … The sex difference in the balance between these neural …

… observed between men and women can be based on sex differences: neurobiological
differences, from differences in the pharmacokinetic response to the effects and sensitivity to …

… of sex differences in addiction we will focus on the nucleus accumbens and the dorsal
striatum, but other areas of the brain are also involved in the neurobiology of addiction and the …

… In treating addictive disorders, it is necessary to implement specialized programs for women.
… with addictive disorders, we need strategies to improve their access to these programs. …

… environment that is key to sex differences in addiction is activation of the stress axis. After
we have discussed sex differences in the neural systems mediating addiction we will return to …

… This commentary is meant to serve as an introductory guide for preclinical investigators
new to the study of sex differences in addiction. We provide an overview of self-administration …

… , alcoholism, alcohol drinking, and opioid-related disorders. We expanded our methods
to include a brief overview of biological sex differences and the epidemiology of SUDs. This …

… We highlight data demonstrating sex differences in … sex differences in the absolute number
of individuals using drugs is not key to understanding sex differences in addictive disorders…

… and study sex differences in preclinical animal models. We use the framework of addiction,
in … validity, to illustrate the importance of considering sex differences. There are four types of …