The suppression of lift oscillation of flow past a stationary circular cylinder is studied to delay
structural fatigue at low Reynolds numbers in incompressible Newtonian fluid. Grad-based
shape optimization is employed to achieve the goal. The optimization objective is the
integral of the absolute value of the lift coefficient over a vortex shedding period T. The class-
shape function transformation technique is chosen as a shape parameterization method.
Moreover, the unsteady adjoint method is employed to calculate the gradients of the …