[PDF][PDF] Soil seed bank potential of Himalayan alpine meadows–a case study of anthropogenically disturbed Tungnath treeline

SS Phartyal, B Konsam, AK Negi, S Chauhan - Palaearctic Grasslands, 2023 - edgg.org
SS Phartyal, B Konsam, AK Negi, S Chauhan
Palaearctic Grasslands, 2023edgg.org
Many alpine plants disperse dormant seeds at maturity towards the end of the growing
season, characterised by cooler temperatures preventing immediate seed germination. The
seeds then accumulate in the soil and germinate in the next growing season, or remain
buried until favourable conditions occur. Since soil seed bank potential depends on species-
specific (intrinsic) and site-specific (extrinsic) characteristics, it is worth to ask: can
anthropogenically disturbed Himalayan alpine meadows form a soil seed bank? Two …
Abstract
Many alpine plants disperse dormant seeds at maturity towards the end of the growing season, characterised by cooler temperatures preventing immediate seed germination. The seeds then accumulate in the soil and germinate in the next growing season, or remain buried until favourable conditions occur. Since soil seed bank potential depends on species-specific (intrinsic) and site-specific (extrinsic) characteristics, it is worth to ask: can anthropogenically disturbed Himalayan alpine meadows form a soil seed bank? Two hundred and sixty soil cores were sampled down to 10 cm depth in two layers from alpine meadows parallel to the Tungnath treeline in Uttarakhand State of India. Sampling was carried out in autumn (after seed dispersal) and spring (before seed germination) and incubated under ex situ (net house) and in situ (on-site field) conditions for seedling emergence. Overall, 2,141 seeds/m2 of 13 species were recorded from in situ incubated samples. Seed density and species number substantially decreased with increasing soil depth. The upper layer (0-5 cm) had a mean density of 3,586 seeds/m2, while the lower layer (5-10 cm) had 697 seeds/m2, respectively. The study revealed that anthropogenically disturbed Himalayan alpine meadows have low soil seed bank potential compared to alpine meadows of other mountain systems. High disturbance pressure like grazing and high human footfalls probably damaged the reproductive phase of plant life and led to low seed production, hence the low seed inputs in the soil. Some methodological issues in studying soil seed banks of alpine plants were also discussed.
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