… Southern Ocean marine research entered a new phase following the establishment, in 1957…
This initiated the modern era of Southern Ocean research in which many countries played …

… ocean basins and the deep and shallow layers of the ocean, the Southern Ocean circulation
allows a global-scale ocean … water in the Southern Ocean largely compensates the sinking …

… roles that Antarctica and the Southern Ocean play in the global … of Antarctica and the
Southern Ocean in Figures 1 and 2a, 2b, … The Southern Ocean is the world's most biologically …

… the deep ocean to the sea surface in the Southern Ocean, … being sent back to the ocean
depths for decades to millennia … s excess heat, the Southern Ocean plays an important role in …

… the corresponding northern oceans. A global … Southern Ocean. Figure 1 Figure 1 Heat
content anomalies in the upper 3000 m of each of the southern oceans, combined for the Southern …

… Recent palaeoceanographic literature points out that different parts of the Southern Ocean
… Southern Ocean carbon sequestration, we examine: first, which areas of the Southern Ocean …

… Southern Ocean temperatures have risen 0.17C between the 1950s and the 1980s. This
warming is faster than that of the global ocean … are comparable to Southern Ocean atmospheric …

… ocean color, sea surface temperature, and sea ice concentration using a primary production
algorithm parameterized specifically for use in Southern Ocean … ∼90% of Southern Ocean …

… The Southern Ocean is a major component of Earth's ocean and climate. Its circulation is …
m 3 s −1 ) and only current to connect the major oceans. The Ekman component of the westerly …

… including the El Ni~o Southern Oscillation. Life cycles of some … Further research on the
Southern Ocean sea-ice system is … of the globally important Southern Ocean sea-ice ecosystem. …