Seabird bycatch in gillnet fisheries (set nets and driftnets) is a conservation issue of global
concern, with an estimated 400,000 seabirds caught annually across the world (Žydelis et
al., 2013). Some of the most problematic fisheries are known to occur in Europe (see 3.1. 1,
3.1. 2, 3.1. 3, 3.1. 4). Bycatch in gillnets occurs simply because the nets are not detected by
seabirds-nets are essentially invisible underwater (Žydelis et al., 2013; Martin & Crawford,
2015). This is due to the nature of the underwater visual environment (low light, few visible …