Benign prostatic hyperplasia and associated lower urinary tract symptoms remain difficult to
treat medically, resulting in hundreds of thousands of surgeries performed annually in
elderly males. New therapies have not improved clinical outcomes since alpha blockers and
5 alpha reductase inhibitors were introduced in the 1990s. An underappreciated confounder
to identifying novel targets is pathological heterogeneity. Individual patients display unique
phenotypes, composed of distinct cell types. We have yet to develop a cellular or molecular …