The plane-parallel two-stream approximation is a popular radiative transfer approach for the
calculation of fluxes and heating rates. However, it is typically not accurate enough for
remote sensing applications involving the analysis of hyperspectral radiances. We present
the 2 stream-exact single scattering (2S-ESS) radiative transfer model, which performs an
exact calculation of single scattering in a spherically curved medium using an accurate
treatment of the phase function and curved ray-tracing of the solar and line-of-sight paths …