… planets. We combine our results of how fly-bys affect Solar-system-like planetary systems,
with … For example, we measure the effects of fly-bys on the four gas giants in the Solar system. …

… While the cluster method can more rigorously treat the fly-bys, simultaneously integrating
thousands of bodies is computationally intensive. As a result, often, the length of the integration …

… how planetary systems form and evolve. The widely accepted picture of planet formation that
… planetesimals, which collide to produce fully formed planets, is a model which is essentially …

… We find that although very close fly-bys are required to obtain the observed properties of Pr
… % to have systems smaller than our solar system (30 AU) as a result of stellar fly-bys. These …

… only valid for the (disk or planetary system) DPS size after coplanar fly-bys, but as we model
… the relevant subset of fly-bys. In the next step, we identify in this subset the fly-bys that lead …

… planets due to stellar fly-bys can … effect of a single stellar fly-by on a planetary system that
could be observed using the transit method, but we follow the evolution of the planet systems …

… of planetary systems that are passed by stars. Here we demonstrate that not only retrograde
fly-bys, but surprisingly, even prograde fly-bys … minor bodies in the solar system and to the …

… system. The discovery of exoplanets has significantly increased our appreciation for the
diversity of planetary systems in … of the late stages of evolution of planetary systems, focusing on …

… In total, we simulate 5·104 flybys with the solar system giant planets initially on circular, co-planar
orbits at their current semi-major axes. We first describe the methods and our initial …

… planets in our Solar System. If so, we would expect the fraction of Solar System-like planetary
systems … The effects of fly-bys on planetary systems around the stars are somewhat more …